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Tonga volcano: What do you know about the eruption and tsunami?

Introduction

Learning outcomes:

To be able to:

know what natural hazards are and be able to classify them
consider economic & cultural factors that influence perception of hazards

Where are we on our specification?

Starter

What does the term ‘hazard’ mean? What natural hazards are you familiar with? What is a disaster?

Natural hazards

A natural hazard is a perceived event that threatens both life and property.

Geophysical hazards include volcanoes and seismic activity and are driven by the internal energy of the Earth.
Atmospheric hazards include tropical storms and droughts and are driven by processes at work in the atmosphere.
Hydrological hazards include floods, storm surges and tsunamis and are driven by water bodies.

Natural hazards

Characteristics (common) of Natural hazards:

each has clear origins and distinctive effects
little or no warning
exposure to the risk may be involuntary
most damage and loss of life occurs shortly after the hazard, but impacts may last into the future
their scale and impact requires an emergency response.

Natural disaster

is when a natural event, or hazard, impacts on human activities.

Task 1:

Look at the hazards related photographs. What hazards might the people in the pictures be vulnerable to? What factors would affect the level of risk? Why do you think these people have chosen to live in this area despite the risk?

Task 1:

Possible reasons include the following:

Hazard events are unpredictable ^ⓘ
Lack of alternatives ^ⓘ
Changing the level of risk ^ⓘ
Cost/benefit ^ⓘ
Perception ^ⓘ

Risk and vulnerability

In Geographic context, how can you define the terms risk and vulnerability?

Using the textbook - https://slaveevo.com/goto/?ai=2745 or the internet, research a model of vulnerability;

Draw/construct a mindmap or model identifying the variables that affect vulnerability.

Risk and vulnerability

Risk is the exposure of people to a hazardous event presenting a potential threat to themselves, their possessions and the built environment in which they live.

Vulnerability to physical hazards means the potential for loss.

https://slaveevo.com/goto/?ai=3132